Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was a cultural movement of intellectuals beginning in the late 17th- and 18th-century Europe emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition. Its purpose was to reform society using reason, challenge ideas grounded in tradition and faith, and advance knowledge through the scientific method. It promoted scientific thought, skepticism, and intellectual interchange. It opposed superstition and intolerance, with the catholic church as a favorite target.
John Locke was and English philosopher and a physician and one of the most influential thinkers of the enlightenment.